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Using Console Redirection : Dell PowerEdge 2650 Systems User's Guide

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Using Console Redirection

Dell™ PowerEdge™ 2650 Systems User's Guide

  Minimum Hardware and Connection Requirements

  Software Requirements

  Configuring Console Redirection on the System

  Configuring Console Redirection on the Client System

  Rebooting the System

  Configuring Special Keys


Console redirection allows you to maintain a system from a remote location by re-directing keyboard input and text output through the serial port. Graphic output is not redirected. Console redirection can be used under MS-DOS® for tasks such as setting up a common BIOS configuration or setting up a RAID configuration. In a typical installation, the system is connected to a port concen-trator that allows you to connect several systems using a shared modem. After you use a modem or other remote connection to log into the port concentrator, you can select which system you want to manage with console redirection. This section describes the simplest connection possible: connecting to a system with a null modem cable.


Minimum Hardware and Connection Requirements

To use console redirection, you must have the following:

  • An available serial port (COM port) on a client system

This port must not conflict with any other ports on the system.

  • Available serial port (COM) on the server

For systems with two available serial ports, you can use either the COM 1 or COM 2 port.

  • A null modem cable to connect the server to the client system


Software Requirements

Your remote terminal emulation software should meet the following specifications:

  • ANSI or VT100/220 terminal emulation with a window size of 80 x 25 characters

  • 9600, 19.2 K, 57.6 K, or 115.2 Kbps using serial (COM) ports

  • Recommended: the ability to create keyboard command macros

All versions of the Microsoft® Windows® operating systems come with Hyper-Terminal terminal emulation software. However, the version of HyperTerminal included with most Windows operating systems does not provide the correct screen size, the arrow and function keys do not work, and there is no method of creating macros. Dell recommends that you either upgrade your version of HyperTerminal to HyperTerminal Private Edition 6.1 or later or select new terminal emulation software.


Configuring Console Redirection on the System

Console redirection is configured through the System Setup program (see "Using the System Setup Program" for instructions). The Console Redirection option displays a screen that allows you to configure console redirection. The submenu allows you to turn the feature on or off, select the remote terminal type, and enable or disable redirection after booting. The options available are listed in Table D-1.

Table D-1. Terminal Emulation Types

Selection

Options

Console Redirection

Systems with one serial port:
On
Off

Systems with two serial ports:
Serial Port 1
Serial Port 2
Off

Remote Terminal Type

VT100/220
ANSI

Redirection after boot

Enabled
Disabled

If you select VT100/220 but not all the characters are visible on the screen, go back to the System Setup program and select ANSI as your terminal type. ANSI can display the full set of ASCII characters.


Configuring Console Redirection on the Client System

NOTE: The examples in this document assume that you have upgraded to Hilgraeve's HyperTerminal Private Edition 6.1 or later. If you are using other terminal emulation software, see the help file for that software.

Configuring the Ports

  1. Click the Start button, point to Programs—> Accessories—> Communications, and click HyperTerminal.

  2. Enter any name for the new connection and select any icon.

  3. Click OK.

  4. From the Connect to pull-down menu, select a COM port available on your client system and click OK.

If no COM port is available and you do not have a Dell system, you will need to contact technical support for your client system.

After you have selected an available COM port, the COM port properties window is displayed.

  1. Select Bits per second.

Console redirection supports 9600, 19.2 K, 57.6 K, or 115.2 K bps.

  1. Set Data bits to 8.

  2. Set Parity to None.

  3. Set Stop bits to 1.

  4. Set Flow control to Hardware.

  5. Click OK.

Configuring the Terminal Settings

After you configure the ports, configure the terminal settings by performing the following steps:

  1. In HyperTerminal, click File, click Properties, and select the Settings tab.

  2. Ensure that the Function, arrow, and ctrl keys act as field is set to Terminal Keys.

  3. Ensure that the Backspace key sends field is set to Ctrl+H.

  4. Change the Emulation setting from Auto detect to ANSI or VT100/220.

This setting should be the same as the setting you selected for the Console Redirection option on the server.

When you click Terminal Setup, you should see a setting for the number of rows and columns.

  1. Change the number of rows from 24 to 25 and leave the number of columns at 80. If you do not have these settings, this is an indication that you must upgrade your terminal emulation software.


Rebooting the System

Console redirection is designed to yield control of the serial ports to the operating system. This configuration allows serial debugging and redirection of the operating system to function correctly without interference from the system BIOS.

To use console redirection to shut down a system and troubleshoot it or to change SCSI BIOS configurations, perform the following steps:

  1. Reboot the system. See Table D-4, for a recommendation on how to do this.

  2. When the system begins to reboot, use console redirection to watch and interact with the system during the POST. While the system is booting, you can do the following:

    • Enter the System Setup program.

    • Enter the SCSI setup menus.

    • Run utilities on the utility partition.

    • Update firmware and BIOS (flash the system).

NOTE: To use console redirection to run utilities on the utility partition, the utility partition must have been created using Dell OpenManage™ Server Assistant version 6.3.1 or later.

Configuring Special Keys

Console redirection uses ANSI or VT100/220 terminal emulation, which are limited to basic ASCII characters. There are no function keys, arrow keys, or control keys in this character set. However, most BIOS software requires the use of function keys and control keys for ordinary functions. You can emulate a function key or control key by using a special key sequence, called an escape sequence, to represent a specific key.

For console redirection, an escape sequence starts with an escape character. This character can be entered in a number of different ways, depending on the requirements of your terminal emulation software. For example, 0x1b, ^[, and <Esc> all refer to the same escape character. Some terminal software uses predefined macros to send the proper escape sequences. In HyperTerminal, you can define macros by selecting Key Macros from the View menu. Macros can be assigned to almost any possible key for almost any key combination. Create a macro for each of your function keys. Table D-2 and Table D-3 list the VT100/220 escape sequences that must be sent to represent a special key or command.

NOTE: When defining macros in HyperTerminal, you must press <Ins> before <Esc> to signify that you are sending an escape sequence rather than escaping out of the dialog box. If you do not have these settings, this is an indication that you must upgrade your terminal emulation software.

Table D-2. VT100/220 Supported Escape Sequences 

Key

Supported Sequences

Terminal Emulation

Up arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>a

VT100/220

Down arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>b

VT100/220

Right arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>c

VT100/220

Left arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>d

VT100/220

F1

<Esc> <Shift>op

VT100/220

F2

<Esc> <Shift>oq

VT100/220

F3

<Esc> <Shift>or

VT100/220

F4

<Esc> <Shift>os

VT100/220

F5

<Esc> <Shift>ot

VT100

F6

<Esc> <Shift>ou
<Esc> [ 1 7 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F7

<Esc> <Shift>ov
<Esc> [ 1 8 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F8

<Esc> <Shift>ow
<Esc> [ 1 9 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F9

<Esc> <Shift>ox
<Esc> [ 2 0 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F10

<Esc> <Shift>oy
<Esc> [ 2 1 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F11

<Esc> <Shift>oz
<Esc> [ 2 3 ~

VT100
VT100/220

F12

<Esc> <Shift>oa
<Esc> [ 2 4 ~

VT100
VT100/220

Home

<Esc> [ 1 ~

VT220

End

<Esc> [ 4 ~

VT220

Insert

<Esc> [ 2 ~

VT220

Delete

<Esc> [ 3 ~

VT220

Page Up

<Esc> [ 5 ~

VT220

Page Down

<Esc> [ 6 ~

VT220

Shift-Tab

<Esc> [ <Shift>z
<Esc> [ 0 <Shift>z

VT100
VT220

Table D-3. ANSI Supported Escape Sequences 

Key

Supported Sequences

Up arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>a

Down arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>b

Right arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>c

Left arrow

<Esc> [ <Shift>d

F1

<Esc> <Shift>op

F2

<Esc> <Shift>oq

F3

<Esc> <Shift>or

F4

<Esc> <Shift>os

F5

<Esc> <Shift>ot

F6

<Esc> <Shift>ou

F7

<Esc> <Shift>ov

F8

<Esc> <Shift>ow

F9

<Esc> <Shift>ox

F10

<Esc> <Shift>oy

F11

<Esc> <Shift>oz

F12

<Esc> <Shift>oa

After you create these macros, pressing <F1> on the keyboard while running the terminal emulation software sends <Esc><Shift>op to the server. When these three characters are transmitted, the server interprets them as <F1>. You need this functionality to change the settings in the System Setup program or to continue if there is an error on your system and you are prompted to press <F1>.

In addition to macros for the function keys, Dell recommends that you set up macros for the additional escape sequences listed in Table D-4.

.

Table D-4. Additional Escape Sequences

Key Combination

Supported Sequence

<Alt><x>

<Alt><x> is mapped to <Esc> <Shift> x <Shift> x key sequences on the terminal, where x is a letter and X is the uppercase letter.

<Ctrl><Alt><Del>

(This key combination reboots the system.)

<Esc> <Shift>r <Esc> r <Esc> <Shift>r

<Ctrl><Shift>i

<Esc> <Ctrl><Shift>i

<Ctrl><Shift>j

<Esc> <Ctrl><Shift>j

<Ctrl><Shift>h

<Esc> <Ctrl><Shift>h

<Ctrl><Shift>m

<Esc> <Ctrl><Shift>m

<Ctrl>2

<Esc> <Ctrl>2


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